济南轻型钢结构防腐指南：热镀锌 vs 涂装防腐，施工要点及气候适应性分析

　　Jinan Light Steel Structure Anti corrosion Guide: Hot dip Galvanization vs. Coating Anti corrosion, Construction Points and Climate Adaptability Analysis

　　在济南，轻型钢结构因其重量轻、施工快、造价低等优点，被广泛应用于厂房、仓库、车棚、雨棚等工程中。但济南夏季高温多雨、冬季寒冷干燥的气候特点，对轻型钢结构的防腐要求较高。今天就给大家详细讲讲济南轻型钢结构常用的两种防腐技术 —— 热镀锌防腐和涂装防腐，帮助大家选择合适的防腐方案。

　　In Jinan, lightweight steel structures are widely used in projects such as factories, warehouses, carports, and rain shelters due to their advantages of light weight, fast construction, and low cost. However, the climate characteristics of high temperature and rainy summers and cold and dry winters in Jinan require high anti-corrosion requirements for lightweight steel structures. Today, we will give you a detailed explanation of the two commonly used anti-corrosion technologies for light steel structures in Jinan - hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion and coating anti-corrosion, to help you choose the appropriate anti-corrosion solution.

　　首先是热镀锌防腐技术。这种技术是将轻型钢结构构件浸入熔融的金属锌液中，使钢材表面形成一层致密的纯镀锌层，次表面形成锌合金镀层。锌层具有良好的抗腐蚀性，能有效隔绝空气和水分，保护钢结构不受腐蚀。热镀锌涂层致密而薄，不会增加构件的厚度和重量，还能提高构件的美观度。

　　Firstly, hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion technology. This technology involves immersing lightweight steel structural components in molten zinc metal, forming a dense layer of pure zinc plating on the surface of the steel and a zinc alloy coating on the secondary surface. The zinc layer has good corrosion resistance and can effectively isolate air and moisture, protecting steel structures from corrosion. The hot-dip galvanized coating is dense and thin, which does not increase the thickness and weight of the component, but can also improve the aesthetic appearance of the component.

　　在济南施工时，要保证所用的热镀锌构件外表光滑、无剥落、无漏镀、无滴瘤、无残留。热镀锌防腐的优点是防腐效果好、使用寿命长，一般能达到 15-20 年，甚至更长。缺点是施工成本相对较高，而且需要专业的热镀锌厂进行加工，施工周期较长。对于济南的室外轻型钢结构工程，如厂房、仓库的外墙和屋顶，建议优先选择热镀锌防腐技术，虽然初期投入较高，但长期来看更经济、更可靠。

　　During construction in Jinan, it is necessary to ensure that the hot-dip galvanized components used have a smooth surface, no peeling, no missed plating, no dripping, and no residue. The advantages of hot-dip galvanizing for anti-corrosion are good anti-corrosion effect and long service life, which can generally reach 15-20 years or even longer. The disadvantage is that the construction cost is relatively high, and it requires a professional hot-dip galvanizing plant for processing, resulting in a longer construction period. For outdoor lightweight steel structure projects in Jinan, such as the exterior walls and roofs of factories and warehouses, it is recommended to prioritize hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion technology. Although the initial investment is high, it is more economical and reliable in the long run.

　　其次是涂装防腐技术。这种技术是先将纯锌粉溶解形成镀锌底漆，然后涂在防腐工件上，通过成膜固化在构件表面形成一层保护膜，阻止腐蚀介质与钢结构接触。涂装防腐的施工成本较低，施工方便灵活，可以在现场进行施工，适合用于一些小型的轻型钢结构工程或室内钢结构工程。

　　Next is anti-corrosion coating technology. This technology first dissolves pure zinc powder to form a galvanized primer, which is then applied to the anti-corrosion workpiece. Through film formation and solidification, a protective film is formed on the surface of the component to prevent the corrosive medium from coming into contact with the steel structure. The construction cost of anti-corrosion coating is relatively low, and the construction is convenient and flexible. It can be carried out on site and is suitable for some small lightweight steel structure projects or indoor steel structure projects.

　　在济南施工时，涂装防腐需要涂刷 4-5 遍漆，每遍漆都要等上一遍漆干至 80% 或全干后再进行涂刷，以保证漆膜的厚度和附着力。涂装防腐的优点是施工成本低、施工方便，缺点是防腐效果相对较差，使用寿命较短，一般为 5-10 年，而且需要定期维护和重新涂刷。如果用于室外，由于济南的气候条件较为恶劣，涂装防腐的防护成本会更高，效果也不好，容易出现漆膜脱落、生锈等问题。因此，涂装防腐更适合用于济南的室内轻型钢结构工程，如室内隔断、吊顶等。

　　During construction in Jinan, anti-corrosion coating requires 4-5 coats of paint. Each coat of paint should be applied after the previous coat has dried to 80% or completely dry to ensure the thickness and adhesion of the paint film. The advantages of anti-corrosion coating are low construction cost and convenient construction, but the disadvantages are relatively poor anti-corrosion effect, short service life, generally 5-10 years, and the need for regular maintenance and repainting. If used outdoors, due to the harsh climate conditions in Jinan, the cost of anti-corrosion coating protection will be higher and the effect will not be good, which can easily lead to problems such as paint film peeling and rusting. Therefore, anti-corrosion coating is more suitable for indoor lightweight steel structure projects in Jinan, such as indoor partitions, ceilings, etc.

　　除了选择合适的防腐技术，济南轻型钢结构的防腐施工还需要注意以下几点。首先，施工前要对钢结构构件进行表面处理，去除表面的油污、铁锈、灰尘等杂质，保证防腐涂层与构件表面的附着力。其次，施工时要注意天气情况，避免在雨天、雪天、大风天等恶劣天气下进行施工，以免影响防腐效果。最后，施工后要进行质量检查，确保防腐涂层的厚度、附着力、外观等指标符合要求。

　　In addition to selecting appropriate anti-corrosion technologies, the anti-corrosion construction of Jinan's lightweight steel structures also needs to pay attention to the following points. Firstly, surface treatment should be carried out on the steel structural components before construction to remove impurities such as oil stains, rust, and dust on the surface, ensuring the adhesion between the anti-corrosion coating and the component surface. Secondly, attention should be paid to the weather conditions during construction, and construction should be avoided in adverse weather conditions such as rainy, snowy, and windy days to avoid affecting the anti-corrosion effect. Finally, quality inspection should be carried out after construction to ensure that the thickness, adhesion, appearance and other indicators of the anti-corrosion coating meet the requirements.

　　总之，济南轻型钢结构的防腐要根据工程的实际情况和使用环境来选择合适的防腐技术。室外工程建议选择热镀锌防腐，室内工程可以选择涂装防腐。同时，要严格按照施工规范进行施工，保证防腐质量，这样才能延长轻型钢结构的使用寿命，确保工程的安全和稳定。

　　In short, the anti-corrosion of light steel structures in Jinan should be selected according to the actual situation and usage environment of the project. For outdoor projects, it is recommended to choose hot-dip galvanizing for corrosion prevention, while for indoor projects, coating for corrosion prevention can be chosen. At the same time, it is necessary to strictly follow the construction specifications to ensure the quality of anti-corrosion, so as to extend the service life of lightweight steel structures and ensure the safety and stability of the project.